Constitution - 07

The President 
* Indian President is the head of the state, the Supreme Commander of the defence forces and is elected for a period of five years.
* To be qualified for election to the office of the President, he must be a citizen of india, must have completed 35 years of age, must be qualified to be a member of the Lok Sabha and must not hold any office of profit under the govt. of India or any state or any local authority.
* The President is elected by an Electoral College consists of elected members of the State legislatures (MLAs) and those of the Parliament (MPs).
* To be declared elected to the office of the President, more than 50% of the valid votes are required by a candidate.
* ln the case of any dispute regarding the election of the President, only Supreme Court is authorised to intervene in the matter.
* The President, for violation of the constitution, be removed from office by impeachment. (Article 61).
* The President can submit his resignation letter to the Vice-President.
* The President make the appointments of; thc Prime Minister of India and on his advice other ministers, the Attorney General of lndia, the Comptroller and Auditor General of India, the judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts, Governor of a State and Lt. Governor of Union Territory, the Finance Commission, The members of Union Public Service Commission and Election Commission.
* Declaration of war and peace is done by the President.
* The president summons the house of the parliament, prorogues either house and dissolves the Lok Sabha (Article - 85)
*  He nominates 12 members to Rajya Sabha and 2 members to Lok Sabha.
*  Every bill, to become an Act , must receive the president's assent.

Emergency * The President is empowered to Promulgate 3 kinds of emergencies. They are; (i) on the ground of threat to the security of India by war of external aggression or armed rebellion (Article - 352) (ii) on the ground of the failure of constitutional machinery in a state (Article 356) (iii) Financial Emergency (Article 360) * During an emergency, Fundamental Rights under articlc 20 and 21 cannot be suspended. * Emergency under Article - 352 has declared three times so fan * Emergency under Article - 356 is declared maximum number of times in India. * Financial emergency has never been issued so far.

Vice President

* Vice president is the ex-officio chairman of the Rajya Sabha.
* Since Vice President is not a member of Rajya Sabha, he has no right to vote.
* The vice President is elected by an electoral college, consists of all members of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha (including nominated members).
* The post of Vice-President is not entitled for any salary. But he is entitled to the salary and allowances payable to the chairman of the council of states, The monthly emoluments of Vice-Presidentis Rs 1.15 lakhs

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